Diamond cutting tool can be made of single crystal diamond material has a natural, synthetic single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond thick film, synthetic polycrystalline diamond composite tablets.
1. Natural single crystal diamond
An anisotropic single crystal single crystal natural diamond. Hardness HV9000-10000, the hardest substance in nature. This material excellent wear resistance, cutting tools made of dimensionally stable can be maintained for a long time, and therefore has a long tool life.
Natural diamond tools can be machined to extremely sharp edge. It can be used to make nerve ophthalmic surgical scalpel; contact lenses can be used for machining surfaces; can be used for cutting optical glass fibers; for the processing of gold, platinum jewelry pattern; the most important uses of nonferrous metals and alloys at high speed finishing super. Such as aluminum, gold, babbitt, beryllium copper, copper and the like. Natural diamond production of its super-finishing tool tip arc under section 400 times the microscope without defects, for the processing of the polygon mirror aluminum, oxygen-free copper laser mirrors, gyroscope, video recorders and other drum. Performance can be achieved roughness Ra (0.01-0.025) μm.
Natural diamond material toughness is poor, low bending strength, only (0.2-0.5) Gpa. Will lose hardness poor thermal stability, the temperature reached 700 ℃ -800 ℃ when. Carbonization temperature will be higher. In addition, it is very strong affinity with iron, generally not suitable for machining steel.
2. Synthetic single crystal diamond
Synthetic single crystal diamond as a tool material, available on the market currently De Beers (DE-BEERS) production of industrial-grade single crystal diamond material. This material hardness slightly inferior to natural diamonds. Other properties are comparable with natural diamond. Due to artificially manufacture its cleavage direction size becomes controllable unity. With the high temperature and pressure technology, synthetic single crystal diamond has the largest size can be done 8mm. Since this material has a relatively low price good consistency, so it attracted widespread attention. New materials as an alternative to natural diamond, synthetic single crystal diamond applications will have great development.
3. Synthetic polycrystalline diamond
Synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) diamond powder under high temperature and pressure to add polymerization solvent polycrystalline material. Usually made of cemented carbide as the substrate as a whole round tablets, known as polycrystalline diamond compact. Depending on the thickness of the diamond matrix, composite sheet have 1.6mm, 3.2mm, 4.8mm different specifications. The polycrystalline diamond thickness of about 0.5mm. At present, the domestic production of PCD has reached a diameter 19mm, while foreign companies such as GE has done the maximum diameter of the composite sheet 58mm, De Beers even reached 74mm.
According to the production line or the tool needs to be available laser cut into different sizes angle heads, made tools, boring tools, milling cutters.
PCD hardness lower than that of natural diamond (about HV6000), but much higher than the bending strength of natural diamond. In addition, by adjusting the concentration of diamond powder particle size, mechanical and physical properties make PCD product changed to adapt to different materials, different processing environment required for the tool to provide users with a variety of options.
PCD diamond cutter than natural seismic impact performance much higher. Compared with the carbide hardness 3-4 times higher; 50-100 times the wear resistance of high life; cutting speed can be increased 5-20 times; roughness can be achieved Ra0.05μm. High cutting efficiency, precision and stability.
PCD same as natural diamond, not suitable for machining steel cast iron. This tool is mainly used for processing non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials such as: aluminum, copper, zinc, gold, silver, platinum and their alloys, as well as ceramics, carbon fiber, rubber, plastics and the like. PCD Another feature wood processing stone.
